By the end of 2024, the world is projected to have nearly 2,000 Gigawatts of solar generation capacity, with panels made of silicon, glass, polymers, aluminum, copper, and other metals to capture the sun’s energy. It is estimated that solar panels can last up to 30 years before needing replacement, with the main culprits for panel failure being manufacturing or installation faults at the beginning of their life, and weather damage throughout their lifespan. ReSolar, a British startup, is exploring reuse, repowering, and recycling of solar panels to reduce waste, as currently only one in 10 panels are recycled, with the rest ending up in landfills. The main challenge lies in the economics, as utility-scale customers often opt to replace panels rather than repair them due to efficiency loss and power grid limitations. While there are calls for standardized recycling processes to be put in place, the current situation leaves many panels discarded, contributing to potential environmental hazards.
